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The concept of ‘domicile’ is an ancient but highly relevant set of legal rules which, in a nutshell, seeks to determine where an individual’s true home is during the course of their lifetime.

As a broad statement of principal, if an adult freely chooses to reside permanently in a particular country and they in fact do reside there, they will also usually be regarded as being domiciled there.

Why is this important? It is because law of domicile governs which system of law applies to the assets/property of a person when they die. HSM Partner, Robert Mack, covers everything you need to know in this article.

This may come as a shock to people who have freely chosen to make the Cayman Islands their adoptive home, for if they become ‘Cayman domiciled’ and they die domiciled here, it means that their worldwide assets (excluding foreign real estate) could be subject to the succession laws of the Cayman Islands.

This can be particularly complex where people originate from places where their estate would normally pass by a formula set by law where their heirs get fixed shares depending on their degree of connection to the deceased.

In contrast, the succession laws of the Cayman Islands permits a person to dispose of his or her assets as they see fit, and are not compelled to make provisions for close family members such as spouses or children if they choose not to do so despite any moral obligation to do so.

This can even become more complex where such an individual dies without leaving a valid Will, as the statutory intestacy rules of the Cayman Islands would then apply.

Even if a person has a valid Will in their previous place of domicile, any change in their domicile status may impact the validity of their foreign Will in relation to non-real estate. The reverse is also true. If a person is domiciled in the Cayman Islands and they take up residence in another country with the intention to reside there permanently, their Cayman Islands domicile is likely to be lost, and aside from Cayman Islands realty, their estate would be subject to the laws of their new place of domicile.

Tips:

  1. If you have moved to the Cayman Islands and it is your intention to reside here permanently, then the laws of the Cayman Islands will likely govern the devolution of your estate, with the exception of any foreign real estate you may own. You should consider doing a Cayman Will to cover your assets in the Cayman Islands, and to update any foreign Wills you may have in place.
  2. If you are a Cayman Islands domiciled person and you leave the Cayman Islands to reside in another country with the intention of living there permanently, then you are likely to have acquired a new domicile in that country. You should consult an estate lawyer in the new country and consider doing a fresh Will there. You should also update your Cayman Will (if any) to ensure it conforms to the law of your new domicile.
  3. If you have moved to the Cayman Islands and you have no intention of residing here permanently, but you own realty here, consider putting in place a Cayman Will to deal with your Cayman real estate and update your non-Cayman Islands Will.
  4. If you move to the Cayman Islands without the intention of residing here permanently, but at some point you do decide to reside here permanently, then your domicile may have changed at that moment and you should consider making a Cayman Islands Will and revising any non-Cayman Islands Will you may have.

Conclusion

The rules of domicile are highly complex and have been greatly simplified here. If you have moved from or to the Cayman Islands, it is worthwhile exploring the impact this decision may have on your estate planning with one of HSM’s specialist attorneys.

The HSM Group is proud to announce the launch of its 2025/26 internship programme in collaboration with the Cayman Islands Further Education Centre (CIFEC).

HSM recently welcomed 10 ambitious interns to its team: Mia-Ariel Torres Gordon, Dimitri Seymour, Jureimi Monotero, Tianna McKenzie, Sonia Kimball, Allison Coe, Maria F. De La Cruz Ramirez, Shenae Peters, Alica Allen and Diego McLaughlin.

HSM is a full-service law firm and corporate services provider, which offers students the ability to gain experiences across a wide-range of practices including immigration, debt collection, intellectual property, corporate services and even areas outside of law, such as finance and marketing.

The selection process began at the CIFEC Careers Fair held on 19 September 2025. HSM participated with a booth where students were able to engage with the team, learn about the firm’s work, and submit formal applications.

As part of the CIFEC curriculum, the internship runs from October 2025 until April 2026 and each student attends work twice a week during school hours. When the programme ends, there may be opportunities for some students to gain a summer work placement or full-time employment at HSM.

HSM Managing Partner, Huw Moses OBE shares: “Our internship programme continues to be a rewarding experience for both our team and the students. It is a privilege to help shape the future of young professionals and set the foundation for their careers.”

Commenting on their experiences so far, intern Allison Coe, shares: “I am beyond grateful for the opportunity to work with HSM. Working in the marketing department has been a smooth and insightful experience so far.”

Intern Alicia Allen, shares: “Being a part of the Intellectual Property team at HSM has been an enjoyable experience. I am learning about trade marks and patents, and how to certify them.”

Intern Diego McLaughlin, shares: “My experience at HSM has been an eye-opening experience, giving me valuable insight into the industry and what to expect from full-time work.”

HSM has supported the CIFEC Internship Programme since 2012 and also offers sponsorship opportunities for further education. HSM employs 11 CIFEC graduates full-time.

Photo: Huw Moses (HSM Managing Partner) seated in front of HSM interns. (L-R): Mia-Ariel Torres Gordon, Dimitri Seymour, Jureimi Monotero, Tianna McKenzie, Sonia Kimball, Allison Coe, Maria F. De La Cruz Ramirez, Shenae Peters, Alica Allen and Diego McLaughlin

The HSM Group was featured recently in the Legal 500 2026 Caribbean rankings.

HSM Chambers, a full-service law firm, received rankings across multiple practice areas for their expertise in the Cayman Islands and are highlighted below with some of Legal 500’s commentary:

  • Real Estate: HSM’s real estate team advises local and international developers and institutions on all stages of commercial and residential projects, from land acquisitions and pre-construction contracts through to completion. The practice also handles retail, landlord and tenant, financing, planning, and strata corporation matters. Linda DaCosta brings over 25 years of Cayman property experience and notable litigation expertise.

“HSM are willing to take on difficult and challenging tasks and work around the clock to get them completed.”

“‘HSM continuously and consistently provides exceptional client service for all the real estate deals they have advised me on. The team is very responsive and provides practical solutions to any challenges faced in any transaction. Highly recommended team.”

  • Corporate and Commercial: HSM advises on the incorporation and operation of Cayman corporate entities, drafting a wide range of commercial documents, including service agreements and purchase agreements. Practice head Christian Victory is experienced in entity formation, structuring, licensing, M&A, and supports clients with governance, regulatory compliance, and reporting requirements.

“HSM Chambers distinguishes itself through its deep local expertise, responsiveness, and practical, solutions-oriented approach. What sets their regulatory and corporate team apart is their ability to combine strong technical knowledge of Cayman law with a clear understanding of the commercial and operational realities faced by investment management firms.”

  • Private Client: HSM’s private client and trusts team advises on both contentious and non-contentious trust and estate matters, alongside a full suite of services for high-net-worth individuals. The team frequently works in tandem with its immigration practice to assist clients relocating to the Cayman Islands. Robert Mack leads the group and is highly experienced across the full spectrum of private client and trust work, including discretionary, fixed interest, and charitable trusts.

HSM IP Ltd. provides worldwide Intellectual Property (IP) services and is once again a ranked firm for their cross-Caribbean expertise:

  • Intellectual Property: HSM IP has long-standing experience managing IP portfolios for numerous Fortune 500 companies and Forbes top 10 businesses, supported by its deep regional knowledge and established presence. Offering full-service IP protection, the team advises on the entire lifecycle of intellectual property assets, ensuring comprehensive solutions for brand holders.

“We use HSM on the regular for work in the Caribbean. They do amazing work, are very communicative, understand our business, and are just good people,” as well as “‘The team are responsive, friendly, and helpful.” HSM IP Senior Manager Mrinali Menon has retained her Leading Associate ranking. Huw Moses, Mrinali Menon and Kate Cleary lead the HSM IP team and are well versed in IP strategy and management. Testimonials also highlighted Kate by sharing “Kate Cleary is always very personable, knowledgeable, and helpful.”

The Legal 500 has been analysing the capabilities of law firms across the world for more than 30 years. Law firms and attorneys are ranked by thorough research processes and are highly credited if featured.

Thank you to our valuable clients for recommending us and to the researchers at The Legal 500 for recognising our efforts.

With the publishing on Friday (17 October 2025) of the proposed new Immigration Bill, numerous clients have sought advice/reassurance that they will not be adversely affected by any proposed changes. Like with any change in legislation, there will be those who will be more affected than others but in the main it appears that the proposed changes will not be as severe as some had feared.

The previous Government published a white paper of proposed legislative changes in January of this year and while there are changes to those proposals, there are similarities. The Immigration (Transition) (Amendment and Validation) Bill 2025 was gazetted on Friday, 17 October 2025 and is open for public for consultation until 14 November 2025.

There will be for instance:

  • No proposed term limit of 10 years.
  • No proposed two-year rollover.
  • There will be no blanket ban on work permit holders changing their employment.

It is however proposed that:

  • The time that an individual can obtain the Right to be Caymanian (“Caymanian Status”) by Naturalisation be extended to 20 years resident in the Cayman Islands or 10 years post naturalisation.
  • Residency and Employment Rights Certificates (“RERC”) whether obtained through marriage to a Caymanian or a PR holder will not be Permanent Residency and will be time barred.
  • Certain Immigration certificates obtained by marriage can be revoked on the basis of reasonable suspicion, which is a lower standard of proof than the balance of probabilities.

And these were proposed under the previous Government.

What is noticeable however is that the transitional provisions make it clear that:

  • Those individuals who currently have a pending PR / Residency and Employment Rights Certificate (“RERC”) application will be assessed and awarded PR if successful under the current Act.
  • Those people who have started on the path to obtaining Cayman Status, i.e.
    • Those people who have applied for a RERC and currently have a Permission to Continue Work.
    • Those people who have a RERC granted under the current or earlier law.

Will be able to apply for the Right to be Caymanian as the law currently stands.  Therefore, if you have been granted an RERC or if you have applied for one, you will be able to obtain Cayman Status after being naturalised if you have been resident in the Cayman Islands for 15 years as opposed to the proposed 20 years.

It is therefore vital that those people who can apply for an RERC now should apply before the change in the Law so that they can take advantage of the transitional provisions.

One of the greatest issues with the current (and the previous) consultation is that the “meat” of the changes will no doubt be found in the Regulations which accompany the Act. It is clear that the current proposed changes envisage changes to the Regulations. However, those Regulations have not been provided for public consultation. This is an issue, and it is not clear why these proposed Regulations have not been published.

While, a view might be that Regulations are not often consulted upon, in an Immigration context, and when those Regulations will be so important it is believed that they should be published in this case.

Recently there have been a number of decisions by the Deputy Governor’s Office to deny individuals applications for Naturalisation. Those decisions have fallen into two distinct categories. Firstly, those applicants who are students outside of the Cayman Islands and are yet to return to the Cayman Islands. The second decision we have seen relates to an individual who after successfully appealing against the rejection of their Permanent residency application had to wait more than 15 months to obtain his Residency and Employment Rights Certificate (RERC).

Category 1

Young adults who attend school outside of the Cayman Islands while possessing an RERC or even after extending their Right to be Caymanian on the basis of entitlement, are perhaps the most integrated into Caymanian society but that does not mean that they will be naturalised as a British Overseas Territory Citizen with a Connection to the Cayman Islands. The vast majority of the individuals will have spent their formative years in Cayman, they will have a number of Caymanian friends, they may even speak with a Caymanian accent. Equally, their home most probably will be in the Cayman Islands with their parents and perhaps their siblings.

Due to the fact that they are attending a University outside of the Cayman Islands, they will more than likely have spent more than the permitted 90 days outside of the Cayman Islands. The British Nationality Act 1981 requires an individual be a settled resident of the British Overseas Territory and further places certain conditions on the application. The applicant cannot be outside of the Cayman Islands for more than 90 days in any one calendar year (including the year prior to the application) or more than 450 days in a period of five years. However, exceptions can be made depending on the circumstances.

Unlike the majority of Immigration decisions in the Cayman Islands, where there are no published policies, there are a variety of policies published by the UK Home Office for applications for Naturalisation. However, the policy for how the Deputy Governor should exercise his discretion in regards to making an exception for absences of over 90 days in any one year (including the year prior to the application) and 450 days over a period of five years does not provide definitive guidance.

The policy states:

“The process for assessing if the statutory requirements are met will vary for territory to territory. However, for consistency, you may wish to refer to the guidance on naturalisation as a British citizen.”

Up until recently, the Deputy Governor’s Office took the view that those students who were attending higher education outside of the Cayman Islands had a reasonable explanation for why they were outside of the Cayman Islands for more than 90 days / 450 days and therefore exercised that discretion to grant the application.

This seemingly is no longer the case and we have seen a number of applications from students rejected in recent months. At no time, prior to the decisions has the Deputy Governor’s Office notify applicants or Immigration Service providers that they were going to change their approach or policy when processing these applications.

In an attempt to be consistent with the UK, the Deputy Governor’s office is seemingly applying a British policy to the Cayman Islands, despite the ability to exercise discretion, which is wholly unsuitable to the Cayman Islands.

The UK policy sets out that where an individual has absences greater than that set out in the UK policy the decision maker is able to exercise their discretion when the applicant has established their family in the UK and one of the following applies:

  • at least 2 years residence (for applications under section 6(1)), or 1 year (for applications under section 6(2)), without substantial absences immediately prior to the beginning of the qualifying period – if the period of absence is greater than 730 days (for section 6(1)) or 450 days (for section 6(2)) the period of residence must be at least 3 or 2 years respectively.
  • the excess absences are the result of:
    • postings abroad in Crown service under the UK government or in service designated under section 2(3) of the British Nationality act 1981.
    • accompanying a British citizen spouse or civil partner on an appointment overseas.
  • the excess absences were an unavoidable consequence of the nature of the applicant’s career, such as a merchant seaman or employment with a multinational company based in the UK with frequent travel abroad.
  • exceptionally compelling reasons of an occupational or compassionate nature to justify naturalisation now, such as a firm job offer where British citizenship is a statutory or mandatory requirement.
  • the applicant was prevented from being in the UK because they had been removed from the UK, and the decision to remove them was later overturned.
  • the applicant was incorrectly prevented from resuming permanent residence in the UK following an absence.
  • the excess absences were because the applicant was unable to return to the UK because of global pandemic.

By the Deputy Governor following the above and applying it in a Cayman context, students are finding that their applications are being rejected. The fact that none of exceptions in the UK policy would apply to students is perhaps not surprising. The United Kingdom has over 260 higher education institutions and therefore there is no need to for an applicant for British Nationality to leave the UK to obtain the education they want. The Cayman Islands has far less and in many cases the Cayman Islands does not offer the courses that some people want. Despite this flaw the Deputy Governor’s office has now started to apply this narrow criteria.

Equally, the policy that is being applied to individuals who are absent for more than 100 days in the year prior to the application also means the chances for a student studying outside of the Cayman Islands and being successful in their naturalisation application are equally slim.

Whilst the Deputy Governor’s Office is saying that the student can apply when they return to the Cayman Islands, this offers little comfort to those who wish to be Naturalised as soon as possible. This is particularly true as it is unclear as to whether the individual has to wait a year and ensure that their absences fall below 90 days during that year period.

It would therefore seem that the unintended consequence of the Deputy Governor’s office is disenfranchise those Permanent Residents / RERC holders who have the strongest connections to the Cayman Islands from being naturalised.

Category 2

Last month, HSM Chambers were informed that a client who applied for Naturalisation did not meet the necessary criteria, as he had not had Permanent Residence for a year. This is a requirement of the British Nationality Act but can be waived. Since 2017, the Deputy Governor’s office, has waived this requirement when an individual has been waiting for over 15 months for a decision on their Permanent Residence application, including time spent successfully appealing the rejection, of an Permanent Residence application.

We were very surprised recently to learn that the Deputy Governor’s Officer were no longer abiding by this policy and they had unilaterally withdrawn it without consulting anyone or notifying the relevant persons. Perhaps what makes the decision even more egregious is that that UK Policy which the Department are now following (in regards to Students) states that in circumstances where “the applicant made an application for Indefinite Leave to Remain (Permanent Residence in Cayman) at least 15 months before the citizenship application, and was granted following a delay which was not their fault”, the 12 month period can be waived. It therefore appears, absent an explanation, one which has not been provided, the Deputy Governor’s Office is taking inconsistent approaches to applying the UK Policies in the Cayman Islands.

Conclusion

The current situation surrounding Naturalisation decision making is unsatisfactory. Those people with the strongest ties to the Cayman Islands are having applications rejected on the basis of a policy which does not take into account their own specific circumstances and the specific circumstances in the Cayman Islands, i.e. the limited courses available in the Cayman Islands and limited places. Equally, those people who could take advantage of a policy contained with the same document are being prevented from doing so, for reasons not clear to us. One thing is sure, if these issues continue, legal action will follow.

We would strongly urge that a clear and comprehensive policy is made available for all to see. This policy would have to be produced in agreement with the UK Home Office and take into account the special and unique circumstances of the Cayman Islands and other British Overseas Territories.

Latest Statistics

As at 11 August 2025, there are 37,262 work permits held in the Cayman Islands.

The top nationalities continue to be: Jamaica (14,298), Philippines (6,911), India (2,172), United Kingdom (2,077), Nepal (1,678), Canada (1,183), Honduras (1,100), United States of America (847) and Nicaragua (710).

Interestingly South Africa is nearing the top 10 nationalities with 686 permits.

From 1 January 2025 through 22 September 2025, the Board reviewed the following Right to be Caymanian (“RTBC”) applications:

  • 221 RTBC applications on the basis of naturalisation.
  • 124 RTBC applications on the basis of marriage.

Processing times from application to the notification of the result of the application continue (based on matters we are handling) remain consistent. We are currently advising clients to expect the following approximate processing times:

  • Right to be Caymanian applications – 6-8 months.
  • PR point based applications – 10-12 months.
  • Naturalisation applications – 10 months.
  • Variations to PR – up to 6 months.
  • RERC as spouse of a Caymanian – up to 6 months.
  • RERC as Spouse of a PR holder – up to 6 months.
  • Work Permit grant – 12 weeks.
  • Work Permit renewal – 12 weeks.
  • Variations to work permit – between 3-6 months.

HSM IP was pleased to present the International Trademark Association’s (INTA) Unreal Campaign to over 200 students at John Gray High School (JGHS) on 24 September 2025.

HSM IP’s Mrinali Menon (Senior IP Manager) and Shirly Ramirez (IP Administrative Assistant) led the presentation, which covered the importance of trade marks, intellectual property (IP) and the dangers of counterfeit products.

The INTA Unreal Campaign is a global programme taught all over the world and is geared towards 14- to 23-year-olds. Over the years, HSM IP has delivered several of these presentations in the Cayman Islands across different schools.

A trade mark is an important identifier. It can be a word, design, service mark, building shape and more. Mrinali and Shirly also stressed the economic impacts of people purchasing knockoffs and how these inferior products can affect people’s health as well as safety.

As part of the presentation, the students enjoyed a game of “spot a fake”, where they had to guess which one was fake between two similar looking products.

Additionally, Mrinali touched on the topics of plagiarism, technology, IP and the best practices concerning usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) platforms. In this technology driven era, such discussions are essential for the students.

HSM IP Managing Partner, Huw Moses shares, “At HSM, we believe it is important to help students understand the risks of counterfeiting and the value of protecting intellectual property. By raising awareness early, we can encourage respect for creativity and informed choices.”

HSM IP is a specialist intellectual property law practice based in the Cayman Islands and specialises in the Caribbean/Latin America market. They support major Fortune Global 500 brand owners, international law firms and other specialist IP practices.

If you would like the team at HSM IP to prepare this presentation for your school, please reach out to ip@hsmoffice.com.

HSM IP’s Shirly Ramirez and Mrinali Menon discuss the Importance of Trade Marks in front of 200 JGHS Students

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Merary Eden successfully completed her articles at HSM and is now a qualified attorney having been called to the Cayman Islands Bar on 16 September 2025.

Merary’s admission was moved by HSM Partner, Alastair David, who summarised her qualifications for Honourable Chief Justice Margaret Ramsay-Hale.

Addressing the Court, Merary shared, “HSM has been more than just a place to complete my articles. Their mentorship has developed me into the attorney you see today. I am grateful for their support.”

Merary joined HSM in July 2022 as a paralegal for the firm’s debt collection and litigation practice. She graduated from the University of Liverpool in July 2022 with a Bachelor of Laws Degree (Honours) (Class 2 Division 1) and prior to that she attained a Master of Business Administration Degree from the University of Tampa. Merary also attained a Professional Practice Course (Commendation) from Oxford Brookes University, which is affiliated with the Truman Bodden Law School in the Cayman Islands.

Merary will be joining HSM as an Associate where she will be assisting in both the Property practice alongside HSM Partner Linda DaCosta, and the Corporate and Commercial practice alongside HSM Partner Christian Victory. By working across both areas, Merary will contribute to the seamless service that supports our clients’ business and personal needs.

Managing Partner, Huw Moses, OBE notes, “We congratulate Merary on this significant milestone and are pleased to see our firm grow with the addition of another qualified Caymanian professional.”

Photo (L-R): Alastair David (HSM Partner and Merary’s Principal), Huw Moses (HSM Managing Partner), Honourable Chief Justice Margaret Ramsay-Hale, Merary Eden (HSM Associate) and Linda DaCosta (HSM Partner)

The HSM Group is proud to share its outstanding success where it achieved gold medals across multiple categories:

  • Law Firm
  • Immigration Law
  • Estate Law
  • Family Law

The Best of Cayman Islands is a vote-based contest focusing on and highlighting the best businesses, companies, groups, locations, items and services in Cayman Islands. The 2025 awards were announced on 11 September 2025.

We are honoured to be awarded in these categories,” shares HSM Managing Partner Huw Moses. “These gold medals reflect the expertise, hard work and dedication of our team as well as the trust our clients place in us.”

HSM’s recognition across multiple categories reinforces its reputation as Cayman’s go-to law firm. The HSM Group is comprised of HSM Chambers, HSM Corporate Services Ltd. and HSM IP Ltd. With expertise across all areas of law, the HSM team works collaboratively across service areas to deliver the highest level of service to clients.

This is also the third year in a row that HSM has won a gold medal for Immigration Law by Best of Cayman. Adding to this milestone, HSM’s Immigration Team recently welcomed two former interns into full-time roles, reinforcing the firm’s commitment to supporting local talent.

HSM is pleased with this recognition and extends its sincere thanks to their clients, staff and the wider community for taking the time to vote. Congratulations to the HSM Group for its commitment to delivering legal excellence and providing clients with a comprehensive service.

The HSM Group specialises in Immigration, Employment, Corporate and Commercial, Family, Property, Litigation, Restructuring, Insolvency, Private Client, Debt Solutions and Intellectual Property.

The HSM Group is pleased to announce that they have recruited two of their interns from the Cayman Islands Further Education Centre (CIFEC) Internship Programme.

Azaria Ruiz-Bodden and Ahmoya Morrison have both joined as Immigration Services Administrators. They originally joined the firm as CIFEC interns from October 2024 through April 2025 and recently completed HSM’s 2025 Summer Internship Programme.

In addition to working full-time, they are interested in pursuing further education. Azaria will be pursuing an associate degree in business administration from the International College of the Cayman Islands. Ahmoya is pursuing a Bachelor of Laws degree with a minor in psychology from the University of Essex’s online programme.

HSM Managing Partner, Huw Moses OBE shares: “We are excited to have Azaria and Ahmoya join the firm full-time. They have shown great initiative during their internships and we are confident they will excel in their new roles.”

HSM has partnered with the CIFEC progamme since 2012 and currently employs 11 CIFEC graduates full-time.

HSM will be attending the CIFEC Careers Fair on 19 September 2025, where they will interview students for the next internship programme. HSM plans to welcome at least 10 interns to the 2025-26 programme.

Photo (L-R): Azaria Ruiz-Bodden and Ahmoya Morrison seated in front of HSM Immigration Team: Alastair David (Partner), Ariella Smith (Paralegal), Pete Iton (Immigration Specialist), Ayla Ramirez-Ebanks (Senior Immigration Services Administrator), Dwayne Wright (Immigration Specialist) and Samantha Bartley (Immigration Client Services Manager)

Lexology Index (formerly Who’s Who Legal) has featured Huw Moses as a notable Intellectual Property expert in their recently released 2025 Trademarks Guide.

Lexology Index says: Clients praise Huw Moses’ “complete knowledge of trademark law, legal excellence and responsiveness” and further endorse him for his “impeccable legal guidance and attention to detail”.

Huw Moses is the Managing Partner of HSM IP. He advises on all aspects of Intellectual Property protection, enforcement and dispute resolution specialising in the Caribbean. Huw is a member of various Cayman Islands Government Committees on IP reform. In 2023, Huw was appointed and is an active member of the Intellectual Property Working Group in the Cayman Islands. Huw was also instrumental in setting up the Intellectual Property Caribbean Association (IPCA), which promotes IP rights in the Caribbean and establishes a forum for better communication amongst IP practitioners.

Lexology Index identifies the foremost legal practitioners in multiple areas of law and recognition is based strictly on merit – you cannot buy entry into their publication. Recipients must be recommended for their expertise in the field by independent sources, either from clients or peers.


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